10th ENGLISH.. LANGUAGE FUNCTIONS

*🌺10 CLASS ENGLISH🌺*

*🌹Language Functions🌹*

*1.Asking for help or things by making polite request*.

There are different ways of making polite requests. The commonly used are:

Eg. Change the following into a polite request.
You to a stranger at the bank: "give me your pen".
Can you please give me your pen?
_ Could you please give me your pen?
_ Would you please give me your pen?
_ I wonder if you could give me your pen?
Would you mind giving me your pen?

*2.Seeking Permission*.
You want to close the window. Ask your
neighbour in the bus politely.
1. Can I shut the window?
2. May I shut the window?
3. Could I shut the window?
4. Would you mind if I shut the window?
5. Would you mind my shutting the window?

*3.Making an offer/ Offering help*
Ways of offering help.
_ Can I …… 
May I …….. 
Shall I …..
_ Let me help you
let me give a hand…..
Eg. A: I have a terrible head-ache.
B: May I get you a cup of coffee?
Shall I get you a cup of Coffee?
Can I get you a cup of Coffee?
_ An old lady in bus station struggling with a
 big suitcase. 
You may say:
May I help you? 
Or Let me help you 
or 
Let
me give you a hand

*4.Giving Advice*.
Different ways of giving advice:
_ By using Must
Should
Ought to
_ You had better…….
_ It's time…………
_ Why don't you……….
_ If I were you……. 
I would do…
Eg. Your friend is suffering from tooth-ache. 
He
 has not consulted a dentist.
Advise him to see a dentist.
1. My dear friend you must see a dentist.
2. You should see a dentist.
3. You ought to see a dentist.
4. You had better see a dentist
5. Its time you see a dentist.
6. If I were you I would see a dentist.
7. Why don't you see a dentist?

*5.Giving ideas or Suggestion*:
Different ways of giving suggestion
_ We shall
shall we
we should…………
_ Lets…….
_ Why don't we…….
_ What about……..(….ing)
_ How about……..(….ing)
Eg. Your friend wants to celebrate his birth-day
in a grand manner. 
He is asking you to give your
Ideas and suggestion as to how to make it a
 grand success and whom to invite on the occasion.

You will
you can say like this:
1. We shall invite all our class-mates
2. Shall we invite our old friends of the
School?
3. Let's invite our teachers also
4. Why don't you print invitation cards?
5. How about celebrating your birth day in the
Taj Hotel?
6. How about celebrating it in a function Hall.?

*6.Apologizing or Saying Sorry
Ways of apologizing*:
_ I am sorry
 I am so sorry
 I am extremely
sorry
 I am awfully sorry.
_ You must excuse me
 You must pardon me
E.g. You lost the pen which you borrowed from
 your friend.
 How will you apologize him.
 I am
extremely sorry to say that I lost your pen. But I will get you a new one.

*7.Responding*:
_ When someone helps you/ gives something
asked for/ gives you a gift.
1. Thank you! 
2. Thanks! 
3.Thanks a lot!
4. Its very kind of you!
 5. Its very nice of
 you
_ When someone say thank you/Thanks you:
1.You're Welcome! 
2. Its my pleasure
_ When someone says sorry or apologize you:
1. Don't worry! 
2. Never mind! 
3. Take it
easy 4. That’s all right 
5.It doesn't matter.

*8.Greetings*
Friend's birth-day: _ Happy birth-day to you!
_ Many Happy Returns of the Day!
1. To friends going on excursion or for a
 pleasant trip or picnic: 
"Have a nice time!"
2. To somebody going on a long journey:
Wish you happy and safe journey!
3. To somebody going to write an exam/attend
an interview: 
Wish you Best of Luck! Or
All the Best"!
4. To somebody who has passed an important
 exam/interview won an election/done some
thing great etc "Congratulations!"
Hearty
 Congratulations Congratulations on your
success!
5. To somebody who is in hospital for some
treatment: 
Wish you a speedy recovery
6. To someone who has lost his dear ones 
"My
deep condolences!
7. To someone who is going abroad/
 to a
foreign country.
 "Bon Voyage!"

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